________ dictate the terms and conditions state governments would have to meet in order to qualify for financial assistance in a specific policy area. d. all of the above Accessed 2 Mar. 5. Limitations for presidential leadership in the current political system include the current situation of other countries and the U.S. economy. In the west, counties are more likely to be both larger than eastern counties, and to provide city-like services to areas that are unincorporated, or whose citizens do not live inside of the boundary of any city. The only difference is how communities are able to access this resource. When the Founding Fathers were thinking about how to organize the United States, they were worried about setting up a country that could slide into the type of tyranny and despotism that they associated with King George III and England. In standing by precedent, a judge relies on the principle of ________. Exercise This process limits confusion and bureaucracy. Thus the president's side receives fewer votes because the less interested voters aren't present. Prior to the November, 2000 presidential election George W. Bush had a comfortable lead in the polls. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Texas's judicial selection process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Defend your answer. Why? Explain. Counties play a big role in local government in some states and less so in others, providing services and serving as regional governments in larger metropolitan areas. Discuss why or why not. Term limits do exist for members of Congress in less than half of all American states. 1999-2023, Rice University. 6. Suppose the following information is available for Callaway Golf Company for the years 2014 and 2013. Short Answer (2 Points) Which branch would you consider to be closest to the people? consent of Rice University. Is what we know about her confirmed by primary sources? You can focus on the impacts of these recall options. Although the unitary government is centralized and makes decisions through authoritarian processes more often than not, this structure can be designed in such a way that it replicates the style of a federated state. from Columbia College Chicago M.F.A. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. We recommend using a Respond to at least 2 other students' posts. The Founding Fathers did not want to supply one governing body with the absolute power to control all of the states. The central government can decide to create or abolish administrative decisions, offered to provide sub-national units with delegated power, and made changes at the local level whenever it desires. It is important to analyze the various advantages and disadvantages of term limits in all levels of government, as well. The Tenth Amendment created a class of powers exclusive to state governments. How does that affect decision-making over the years if there is not much change in the Court? The decision-making process of a unitary government may be fast, but the design of their resources means that the response can be very slow. Instead of following multiple laws simultaneously, the general population is asked to follow one specific set of regulations instead. The main focus of delegate legislator is to represent the will of his or her constituents. That may provide some inconvenience at times, but it can also reduce the risk of an unknown violation of the law. On an even smaller regional scale, local jurisdictions can vary radically in wealth, meaning, for instance, that some school districts are terribly underfunded, while others are awash in cash. 6. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. (a) What was the companys earnings per share for each year? It creates less confusion over the governing process for the average citizen. In Federalist No. Sub-national governments exist to help each state address its own needs. What do primary sources tell us that Hollywood fails to or refuses to tell us? In fact, this system of governance was put into place from the start in acknowledgment of the very different cultures that had developed over the years in the different colonies. That is how France structures its form of government. For that reason, most of the rulings those justices make are more liberal. In rural areas, special purpose districts may be created to manage pest control and irrigation, allowing local farmers to pool their resources and provide common service to a wider number of people. People are just as patriotic under a unitary system of government as they are with a federal system. In theory, with elected boards in charge, they are not immune to popular control. The founding fathers wanted to make sure that American citizens always had representation and a voice in government; many people believe sub-national governments ensure that citizens' voices are heard. (Didn't get full credit). Term limits have been shown to have more merits than the unlimited term or rule. This content was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz in an effort to preserve the availability of this book. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written Counties often maintain vital statistics records, such as marriages, births and deaths. The advantages of many levels of the subnational government is you get closer to the people. If someone with enough power decides that their political opponents are a threat, then they can pass laws which allow them to be imprisoned for what they have done. Latest answer posted June 18, 2019 at 6:25:00 AM. M.A. Congress may rewrite a law the courts have declared unconstitutional. 9. Latest answer posted April 30, 2021 at 6:21:45 PM. There is less complexity in the legal system of a unitary government. He has recently been diagnosed with diabetes and takes an oral medication to control his blood glucose. Another advantage is that people are free to reside in a municipality or state whose government and laws better aligns with their values and needs. 1. Do various levels contradict one another? There were 73,139,000 shares outstanding at the end of 2012. But on election day Bush ended up losing the popular vote by a small margin (although winning the electoral vote). - Sub national g View the full answer Previous question Next question Fiscal policy is established as a stabilizing instrument against the volatility of economic activity, a function that becomes more important considering the decentralization model that governs Colombia and many countries, and which is characterized by the fact that subnational governments have fiscal autonomy, and therefore are active agents in the provision of goods and services under a . In unitary governments, all power comes from the national government, which delegates some of that power to local governments to carry out the local business of governing. Cities fix potholes, help organize summer fairs and festivals, and maintain local parks. D, Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points) Discuss the relationship of the judicial branch to the other branches of government. This is Sub-National Governments, section 7.4 from the book A Primer on Politics (v. 0.0). If the state has the power to enact their own law, then it must be in compliance with what the Constitution demands. The branch that I consider to be the closest to the people is the judicial branch because it deals with cases involving the people. Thus I prefer neither a delegate or a trustee, but a combination of both that synergize and make decisions that are ultimately good for the people. The 50 U.S. states are in some ways like 50 mini-republics, each with its own executive, legislative and judicial branches. An advantage of having so many subnational governments in the United States is that it separates powers. Which model of bureaucracy best explains the way the government currently operates? When laws are passed on the federal level, they often have to be disseminated down through the lower levels of government to be put into action. What solutions would you impose? Since the president of the United States holds such an incredibly powerful position both in the nation and the world, why would the founding fathers believe that term limits for the position were necessary? The whole purpose of a correctly-structure unitary government is to create common ground. legislate in the way he or she believed constituents wanted, regardless of the anticipated outcome. The advantages of special purpose districts can be that they encourage specialization and expertise, hopefully providing constituents with a better, more efficient level of service. Compare and contrast three different forms of governments. Instead of having multiple layers of bureaucracy to navigate, you have a clear set of expectations to follow. It can also become the foundation for some of the most oppressive societies that our planet has ever seen. A state case is more likely to be heard by the federal courts when ________. The unitary form of government will usually place a legislative body or a single individual into the ultimate place of power. States will decide what graduation requirements are for high school, and sometimes set requirements for college basic requirements. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Which of the following is an implied power of Congress? It can also have a slower national response in localized emergencies. Governments in which power is lent to subnational governments, as opposed to federal governments, in which power is shared between the two levels. When there is not enough local support available for communities during an emergency situation, this centralized administration may leave the resolution up to local decision-makers instead of intervening. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? 10. The disadvantages include a lack of efficiency and lack of equity. The UK is technically a constitutional monarchy, but it functions as a unitary state because all political power is held by Parliament. The process of redistricting can present problems for congressional representation because _______. Their licenses helped make this book available to you. When there is a unitary government which offers no degree of autonomy to the areas under its control, then the sub-national regions are not allowed to decide their own laws at any time. The president signs legally binding nuclear arms terms with Iran without seeking congressional approval. He also reports having occasional low blood glucose (hypoglycemia) and feeling shaky and dizzy. A negative characteristic of the dual court system is that it is more complicated than a one court system. For example, in federal systems, the national government is given some power over subnational governments. However, there can be disadvantages to having so many levels of sub-national government in the nation. There may be times when some communities are entirely ignored because arising international situations take a priority over crop subsidy applications or other domestic issues. The autonomy of states or provinces will depend if the overall system of government is federal or unitary. In Louisiana, counties are called parishes, and in Alaska they are boroughs. Instead of having one form of centralized power, there is a complete system of checks and balances to use that provide more equality in the governing process. To download a .zip file containing this book to use offline, simply click here. The autonomy of states or provinces will depend if the overall system of government is federal or unitary. 3. Defend your answer. What changes were made to strengthen the role of the federal government under the U.S. Constitution? The disparate state laws can create inequality and oppression that can then impact the overall country. September 28, 2022. https://academic.tips/question/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-having-so-many-levels-of-subnational-governments-in-the-united-states-explain-do-term-limits-seem-to-have-more-advantages-or-disadvantages-defend-your-a/. At the same time, they wanted the states to function with a degree of unity and coherence. Is it preferable for representatives in the state legislature to behave as trustees or as delegates? DonorsChoose.org helps people like you help teachers fund their classroom projects, from art supplies to books to calculators. Look up the local government where you live. Instead, national governments often forbid subnational governments from borrowing or saving revenues. Whether or not a president's political party controls congress can either be an opportunity or disadvantage. The Constitution is over 200 years old and certain powers may need to be modified as the country changes. Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points) Is it preferable for representatives in the state legislature to behave as trustees or as delegates? Because you are not contending with multiple layers of bureaucracy under the unitary style, there are fewer administrative costs to manage with this centralized government. Two of the best examples of this form of government are found in the United Kingdom and France. c. Congress may withhold funding needed to implement court decisions. In your treatment, highlight the role of her contemporaries (friends & foes) and those who wrote about her in late years, in constructing her inaccurate reputation. \text{Shares outstanding at year-end}&\text{\hspace{5pt}64,507,000}&\text{\hspace{5pt}66,282,000}\\ This system is more common in large cities. )Judicial review: Act of congress unconstitutional 2. The core factors that determine how judges decide in court cases are their personal beliefs and the laws and rules of the court. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Many at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be directly elected by the legislature because ________. \text{Total assets}&\text{\hspace{14pt}855,338}&\text{\hspace{14pt}838,078}\\[10pt] Unitary governments can run into a lot of bloating. They range in population from around 10 million in Los Angeles County to less than 100 in Loving County, Texas. Sub-national governments in the United States serve to represent citizens at a more local level, especially regarding local issues. Cities attempt to engage in economic development efforts, trying to attract businesses and jobs that will keep residents employed and keep revenue flowing into the city budget. 2. Short Answer (2 Points) What factors contributed to the growth of presidential power in the twentieth century? \end{array} Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. The contrast with a federal state is this: whereas the federal state sees the national government as being an equal actor with the other levels of required governing (local, county, and state/provincial), the unitary government sees itself as being superior. In which level of substate government would you be most likely to get involved? "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? In what ways might the patronage system be made more efficient? The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo In the United States, the constitution specifically reserved some of the powers of governing to the federal government. The disadvantage of the centralized state is that there are fewer opportunities to get involved with the legislative process. An answer to this question is provided by one of our experts who specializes in politics. The founding fathers wanted Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. Defend your answer'. Then the bloating begins to happen in the government. In Connecticut and Rhode Island, there are counties, but no county governments. Working with a federate system, especially one with only two parties, creates more of a system of compromise instead. The trend toward descriptive representation suggests that constituents want their representatives to be similar to them as if that will make their representatives more understanding of the issues and more apt to fix them. Helped make this book available to you court cases are their personal and... Be closest to the November, 2000 presidential election George W. Bush had a comfortable lead in United. 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