The United States Army lost the most troops in the Vietnam War, over 38,000 soldiers. In that respect, it failed: the two Vietnams were united under a communist banner in July 1976. Conflict. [3], A 1995 demographic study in Population and Development Review calculated 791,0001,141,000 war-related Vietnamese deaths, both soldiers and civilians, for all of Vietnam from 196575. Sources: World War II Honor List of Dead and Missing, June 1946; Battle Casualties of the Army, 30 September 1954; List of Casualties Incurred by U.S. Military Personnel in Connection with the Conflict in Vietnam, 30 September 1975. This list is organized in alphabetical order, and can be used to determine the place on the Vietnam Memorial where an individual's name can be found - the panel and line number to the right of the name. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. 1. Among other countries that fought for South Vietnam on a smaller scale, South Korea suffered more than 4,000 dead, Thailand about 350, Australia more than 500, and New Zealand some three dozen. The U.S. Constitution grants Congress sole authority to issue declarations of war. ARMY * These Vietnam War photos taken by U.S. Army photographers reveal a side of the conflict that few people have ever seen. In general we index the memorials at the lowest practical unit level. [66][67] After the U.S.'s withdrawal from the conflict, the Pentagon estimated PAVN/VC deaths at 39,000 in 1973 and 61,000 in 1974. Support for the war was lacking in the United States, so the decision was made to discontinue efforts there. Revolutionary War. November 19, 1967 was one of the bloodiest days for American troops in the Vietnam War. Once a unit assignment has been determined, a link to the individual's memorial page is included in the appropriate Unit Index. Both American/South Vietnamese forces and the Viet Cong can be held accountable for the number of civilian deaths, but the Viet Cong had a larger hand in overtaking villages and using more offensive military tactics to draw out the South Vietnamese forces. "[56] Another Marine commander, Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr., added, "we had a big problem with atrocities attributed to them, which I sent on down to Saigon. [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. (deaths in afghan war Afghanistan war casualties). Please direct all other inquiries to militaryfactory AT gmail.com. The Vietnam War became a painful lesson for many - from Washington, D.C. to Smalltown America. [1][note 1] The word casualty has been used in a military context since at least 1513. The Viet Cong lost around 1.1 million combatants. Encounter Books, December 2022. Causes of ongoing deaths and side effects include. Before the Second World War, Vietnam was occupied by the colonial French empire. The "Military Factory" name and MilitaryFactory.com logo are registered U.S. trademarks protected by all applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws. [33][34] The United States government has challenged these figures as being unreliable. About 2 million Vietnamese civilians were killed in the fighting. The names of those who gave their lives and of those who remain missing are inscribed in the order they . Marine Corps Casualties: 1775-2015 . By 1944, the French were still occupying Vietnam, even though they continued to wage battle in Europe as the end of World War II drew near. Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General), 1 June 1953, 1st Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Battalion, List of battles with most United States military fatalities, "The Old Northwest Territory: America's First Great Westward Expansion", "St. Clair's Campaign of 1791: A Defeat in the Wilderness That Helped Forge Today's U.S. Army", http://www.gdg.org/Research/MOLLUS/mollus7.html, "Chapter 3: The Siege and Capture of Corregidor", "Department of the Army, Lineage and Honors, 1st Battalion 75th Ranger Regiment", "The Korean War. Casualty Data For The Vietnam War. American civilians were not killed in the Vietnam War. 58,148 were killed in Vietnam, 75,000 severely disabled, 23,214 were 100% disabled, 5,283 lost limbs and 1,081 sustained multiple amputations. Data for this series of conflicts includes military personnel killed in the attacks on the USS Cole on October 12, 2000, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and in Afghanistan and elsewhere since those dates. [102] The Red Cross of Vietnam estimates that up to 1 million people are disabled or suffer health problems due to Agent Orange exposure. From 1965 to 1975, nearly 500,000 Marines served in Southeast Asia. A South Vietnamese plane seeking Vietcong hiding places accidentally dropped its flaming napalm on civilians and government troops instead. A number of incidents occurred during the war in which civilians were deliberately targeted or killed. Records with Unit Information on Military Personnel Who Died During the Vietnam War . Others now continue the work Richard began 30 years ago. Following its 1945 defeat in World War II, Japan withdrew its forces from Vietnam, leaving the French-educated Emperor Bao Dai in control. According to the Department of Veterans Affairs, we are losing an estimated 500 Vietnam veterans every day. Around 2 million civilians were killed in the territories of North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. from Johns Hopkins and his MA and Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Richard Coffelt's health began failing, and on 29 October 2010 he made his last contributions to the Coffelt Database. Ambassador to Vietnam David Shear. Furthermore, the murder of children was not uncommon to prevent them from joining the armed forces in the future, making up around 15% of total deaths. One of the first Black officers to lead a Special Forces team in combat will receive the Medal of Honor, the nation's top award for bravery on the battlefield, A South Korean court has ordered the government to pay $24,000 to a Vietnamese woman who survived a gunshot wound but lost several relatives when South Korean marines rampaged through her village during the Vietnam War in 1968, De-escalation, negotiation, and Vietnamization, The United States negotiates a withdrawal, 9 Questions About the Vietnam War Answered, https://www.britannica.com/event/Vietnam-War, Vietnam War - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Vietnam War - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Biden to award Medal of Honor to Vietnam-era Army officer, Court says South Korea responsible for Vietnam War massacre. Sometimes, the casualty rate is disproportionately high. These estimates probably include deaths of Vietnamese soldiers in Laos and Cambodia, but do not include deaths of South Vietnamese and allied soldiers which would add nearly 300,000 for a grand total of 3.4 million military and civilian dead. They also are AT-CTI certified. The following is a chart of all casualties, listed by race, and in descending order. LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969, featuring a portrait of U.S. Army specialist William C. Gearing, Jr., one of 242 American servicemen killed in a single week of fighting during the Vietnam War. These statistics were sourced from the appendix of On the offensive: the Australian Army in the Vietnam War 1967-1968. Of these, more than 13,000 were killed and 88,000 wounded, nearly a . 151. The Vietnam War officially came to an end in 1975 when South Vietnam surrendered to North Vietnam, unable to maintain the fight. Estimates for PAVN deaths in the Easter Offensive alone vary from 40,000 to 100,000 in western sources. In the United States, the Vietnam War became known as one of the most unpopular wars . This is also the main reason that soldiers in Vietnam saw more action than those soldiers of preceding wars. Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, gives a 1513 reference for military casualty, and an 1844 reference for civilian use. [6], A 2008 study by the BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal) came up with a higher toll of 3,812,000 dead in Vietnam between 19552002. Combat Area Casualties Dataset. [93][97], Civil rights leaders, including Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, John Lewis, Muhammad Ali and others, criticized the racial disparity in both casualties and representation in the entire military, prompting the Pentagon to order cutbacks in the number of African Americans in combat positions. By 1969 more than 500,000 U.S. military personnel were stationed in Vietnam. 0. The Coffelt Database is an intellectual property with copyrights held by the Coffelt Group and other contributing organizations. The Vietnam War was costly to the U.S. Marine Corps. . While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In reality, it is a collection of ideas, images, and information that enough people have chosen to preserve and disseminate. Deaths in the Vietnam War. We searched NARA's Access to Archival Databases (AAD) and located the following databases pertaining to Vietnam War casualties: Records with Unit Information on Military Personnel Who Died During the Vietnam War database in the Richard Coffelt, Richard Arnold, and David Argabright Collection (COFF) Vietnam Conflict Extract Data File of the . Officer casualties of all branches were overwhelmingly white. In 1976, the Vietnamese government organized Gathering Teams to find the remains of dead soldiers. in Social Studies Education. The United States has spent over $65 million since 1998 as part of unexploded ordnance clearing operations. [5], Uppsala University in Sweden maintains the Armed Conflict Database. [35], For official US military operations reports, there was no established distinctions between enemy KIA and civilian KIA. Vancouver's Rob McSorley is one of at least 134 Canadians killed in action fighting for U.S. forces during the Vietnam War. An error occurred trying to load this video. 15. The United States withdrew its forces in 1973, placing the onus on South Vietnam to fight its own battle. When reunification elections were set to start, South Vietnamese government officials refused to participate. "The Vietnam Wars." Chrissy has taught secondary English and history and writes online curriculum. Of the 4953 Navy and Air Force casualties, both officer and enlisted, 4, 736 or 96% were white. Aid sent from other nations to the South Vietnamese effort waged about 5,000 total deaths. [36][37][41] All individuals killed in declared free-fire zones, combatants or not, were considered enemy killed in action by US forces . [71] The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974. In the days before "embeds" this generation's enforced melding of photographer and military unit there was a certain sense of . It is estimated that South Vietnam lost between 200,000 and 250,000 fighters. During that period, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded. According to the Vietnamese government, unexploded ordnance has killed some 42,000 people since the end of the war. Over 58,000 American lives were lost in the fighting. [28][4] Higher estimates place the number of civilian deaths caused by American bombing of North Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder at 182,000. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. [62], According to American writer Joseph Babcock, the Vietnamese government estimated 300,000 PAVN/VC missing-in-action (MIA) in 2019, but that the real number of MIA is widely believed to be closer to 500,000 people, whose bodies were either never found or buried anonymously and never identified. Grand total of war deaths: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (1954-75) 1,450,000: 2,450,000: 3,595,000: Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War . And John Sullivan enlisted in the Navy after graduating high school and served as a second class machinist mate during the Vietnam War. The sum of those totals is 3,091,000 war deaths between 195575. PAVN and VC losses were reported as 1.1 million dead and civilian deaths of Vietnamese on both sides totaled 2.0 million. Ho Chi Minh was outraged and began to engage his forces in small fights with South Vietnamese troops. Though North Vietnam lost, it won a major psychological victory. Vietnam Syndrome Overview & Analysis | What is Vietnam Syndrome? Civil War Deaths | How Many People Died in the Civil War? On Nov. 23, 1968, The Philadelphia Tribune wrote of large . [4] On that panel, above the names is this inscription: In honor of the men and women of the armed forces of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. Some Vietnam War veterans that died between 1966 and 1968 came from Los Angeles, Sacramento, Yuba City, San Diego, Santa Ana and Whittier or Stockton.. California has the highest veteran count of all the U.S. states, totaling 596,130. According to a 2009 study, one third of land in the central provinces of Vietnam is still contaminated with unexploded mines and ordnance. Regarding killed in action the 1st Marine Division was the unit with the highest . In Qung Nam Province 4,700 civilians were killed in 1969. United States, National Archives, Korean War and Vietnam War Records; United States Vietnam War 1964 to 1972; Related Websites: NARA Series Description; NARA Reference Information Paper 90 Prisoners of War and Missing in Action from the Vietnam War Era; NARA State-Level Fatal Casualty Lists for the Vietnam War [103], On 9 August 2012, the United States and Vietnam began a cooperative cleaning up of the toxic chemical from part of Da Nang International Airport, marking the first time Washington has been involved in cleaning up Agent Orange in Vietnam. Regarding killed in action the 2nd Infantry Division was the unit with the highest ratio with 7,094 KIA and 16,575 wounded. In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 19671972. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. These records were transferred into the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration in 2008. As this was two years before the IBM PC (personal computer) came on the market, the work necessarily was done the old-fashioned way: by library research, travel, and in hand-writing. Over 58,000 American troops were killed in Vietnam, with more still not identified. Posted By: Jagermeister, 2/27/2023 4:40:17 PM Military historian and Hillsdale College professor Mark Moyar has just published Triumph Regained: The Vietnam War, 1965-1968, which is the second in what will become a massive three-volume revision of the entire Vietnam War. The US entered into war with Vietnam because they did not want the spread of Communism to occur in the democratic state of South Vietnam. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. Estimates include both civilian and military deaths in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. the Vietnam War). Search and destroy was a term to describe operations aimed at flushing the Viet Cong out of hiding, while body count was the measuring stick for operation success and this resulted in exaggeration and listing civilian deaths as enemy KIA. Veterans were viewed negatively for their participation in the war, even if it was not by their choice to do so. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. The officially-reported numbers and categories below cover American Vietnam War deaths by age group, branch of service, service component, type of death, reason for death, race, religion, sex, state/protectorate and deaths by war year (including post-war). He took over the city of Hanoi and declared independence from France in 1954. Ordering Information for Electronic Records. In 1980 Richard set out to determine the unit of assignment for each Army soldier who died in Vietnam. In 1975 South Vietnam fell to a full-scale invasion by the North. . At the heart of the conflict was the desire of North Vietnam, which had defeated the French colonial administration of Vietnam in 1954, to unify the entire country under a single communist regime modeled after those of the Soviet Union and China. Following the end of French colonial rule in 1954 and break-up of the former French Indochina, the United States assumed the political mentorship and primary . The Fall of Saigon in 1975 | Vietnam War Timeline, Causes & Aftermath, Battle of Ia Drang | Battle of Ia Drang Casualty List, Easter Offensive of 1972: Vietnam War | History, Impact & Aftermath. * The last U.S. infantry unit was pulled from the field on Aug. 11, 1972, so U.S. casualties dramatically declined. Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010: see the "National Cemeteries and Beneficiaries" section below. U.S. military advisers, present in small numbers throughout the 1950s, were introduced on a large scale beginning in 1961, and active combat units were introduced in 1965. This resulted in a dramatic decrease in the proportion of black casualties, and by late 1967, black casualties had fallen to 13%, and were below 10% in 1970 to 1972. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. An addition 3 million Vietnamese were left wounded and around 12 million were refugees. 2.7 million American troops were sent to South Vietnam. But today, even as the U.S. military continues to grow more inclusive, most Americans are much less . [75], The PAVN/VC forces suffered around 600,000 wounded during the war,[76] and prior to the 1975 spring offensive, lost at least 26,880 soldiers taken prisoner - being released after the 1973 Peace Accords. [20] About 130 American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity. As of 2014, 221 Virginian deaths have been identified. KIA. [77] Additionally, according to the U.S. military, they also lost up to 101,511 personnel as defectors due to the Chieu Hoi program,[78] but one analyst speculates that less than 25% of those were genuine. Village battles were not uncommon as the two factions fought for control of the region. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union and China poured weapons, supplies, and advisers into the North, which in turn provided support, political direction, and regular combat troops for the campaign in the South. MARINE CORPS * From a Marine second lieutenant in New Jersey who commanded a rifle platoon in Vietnam. War on Terrorism, 2000-2014. Chapter 14: "The cease-fire war claimed 26,500 ARVN dead in 1973, and almost 30,000 in 1974. After 1975. Nine-year-old Kim Phuc had ripped off her burning . Of the 2.6 million, between 1 and 1.6 million (40-60%) either fought in. In late 2006, the project scope was extended further by including circumstances of death information in the Coffelt Database - the "how and where" of their deaths. In addition to patrolling, Navy PBRs participated with . Battle of Hamburger Hill. [53][54] A separate study was carried out by RAND Corporation employee Terry Rambo, who conducted interviews in 1970 on reported Korean atrocities in ARVN/civilian areas. Air Group or Air Wing level when necessary, At other levels when appropriate for Headquarters and minor assigned unit personnel, Commissioned ship name (i.e., "USS WHATEVER"), Task Force level (TF 115, TF 116, TF 117) for personnel assigned to the riverine and coastal forces, Naval Support Activity level for the shore establishment, Fleet Marine Force unit for Navy personnel assigned to FMF units, SEAL/UDT and SeaBee personnel are indexed under the next higher command. 58,000 American troops were sent to South Vietnam, Laos, and Information that enough people chosen. ] the word casualty has been used in a military context since at least 36,000 civilians. 40-60 % ) either fought in their lives and of those who their... Factions fought for control of the bloodiest days for American troops were killed in Vietnam officials to. Now continue the work Richard began 30 years ago of on the offensive: the Army! 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